What are the three principles of morality?
Three basic principles, among those generally accepted in our cultural tradition, are particularly relevant to the ethics of research involving human subjects: the principles of respect of persons, beneficence and justice. These are based on the Belmont Report.
What is the highest principle of morality?
Immanuel Kant (1724–1804) argued that the supreme principle of morality is a standard of rationality that he dubbed the “Categorical Imperative” (CI).
What is a universal principle?
In law and ethics, universal law or universal principle refers as concepts of legal legitimacy actions, whereby those principles and rules for governing human beings’ conduct which are most universal in their acceptability, their applicability, translation, and philosophical basis, are therefore considered to be most …
What is the difference between a maxim and universal law?
Your maxim is your reason for acting. The formula of universal law therefore says that you should should only act for those reasons which have the following characteristic: you can act for that reason while at the same time willing that it be a universal law that everyone adopt that reason for acting.
What does it mean to will a maxim that can become a universal law?
“Act only according to that maxim by which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law” is a purely formal or logical statement and expresses the condition of the rationality of conduct rather than that of its morality, which is expressed in another Kantian formula: “So act as to treat humanity.
What is the formula of the end in itself?
Kant states the Formula of the End in Itself as follows: Act in such a way that you always treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other, never simply as a means but always at the same time as an end. To understand this we need to know what it is to treat a person as a means or as an end.